On November 18, 2024, in Samuels v. Lido DAO, the United States District Court for the Northern District of California denied some defendants’ motions to dismiss, finding that the plaintiff sufficiently alleged that a decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) is a partnership under California law, and consequently that these defendants may be liable as general partners. The court relied chiefly on the plaintiff’s argument that these defendants “meaningfully participated” in the DAO’s governance.

There are myriad examples of lawsuits ensuing after a regulatory body or other agency issues a statement or report on a particular substance. As things currently stand, however, statements by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) may offer a defense to claims involving microplastics.